Single Crystal Growth Techniques
Laser-Heated Floating Zone Growth from SciDre
Laser-Heated Floating Zone (LH-FZ) growth operates at ultra-high pressures, similar to optical floating zone methods. The laser-heated liquid zone allows for higher temperatures and enhanced stability of the molten zone, which supports the growth of a wider range of materials. At pressures up to 300 bar, volatile constituents are suppressed, enabling the synthesis of materials that are otherwise difficult to grow.
Front view of the modular 5 × 300 W diode laser-heated FZ furnace with a rectangular beam profile and advanced process gas management up to 300 bar.
For more information, visit SciDre's website.
Optical Floating Zone Growth: A Versatile Crystal Growth Solution
Optical Floating Zone (OFZ) growth uses focused optical light from a halogen bulb to locally melt a feed rod, transforming polycrystals into single crystals. This method reaches temperatures up to, 2200 °C using a gas pressure of 10 bar. The crucible-free process results in high-purity crystals with minimal impurities and is suitable for congruently melting oxides, sulphides, and inter-metallics. However, it is unsuitable for volatile compounds and incongruently melting materials. Typical crystal sizes are 1-10 grams.
For more details, visit Crystal System Inc.
Chemical Vapour Transport Growth (CVT)
Chemical Vapor Transport (CVT) growth involves using a transport agent to drive the growth of a compound via a temperature gradient. This process utilises a gradient temperature zone tube furnace. Samples are sealed inside quartz tubes with transport agents via a gas torch. Typical transporting agents include I₂, Br₂, Cl₂, HCl, NH₄Cl, H₂, H₂O, AlCl₃, and CO. CVT is effective for high-volatility constituents, especially chalcogenides, and typically yields small crystals (~1 mm).
High-Temperature Solvent Growth
High-Temperature Solvent Growth involves crystal precipitation from a molten solvent (or flux) driven by temperature-induced supersaturation. This method is used for growing crystals like strontium iridates from an SrCl₂ solvent, known for their Kitaev magnetism and topological order.
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